近日，广东工业大学环境健康与污染控制研究院、环境科学与工程学院安太成教授团队题为《Pollution profiles and human health risk assessment of atmospheric organophosphorus esters in an e-waste dismantling park and its surrounding area》的学术论文在Sci. Total. Environ. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151206)杂志上接受发表。论文的第一作者为博士研究生岳聪聪，通讯作者为安太成教授。该研究工作主要是连续三年对我国某电子垃圾拆解园区及其周围地区18个采样点网格化布点采集的大气样品开展研究，主要对大气中（颗粒相和气相）的有机磷酸二酯（di-OPEs）和有机磷酸三酯（tri-OPEs）进行详细分析，了解该地区大气环境中有机磷酸酯的污染水平、组成概况、气固分布、迁移扩散和时空动态变化规律，探究了电子垃圾拆解对周围地区大气环境的影响，并对典型电子垃圾拆解园区及其周围地区不同年龄段人群进行呼吸健康风险评估。本研究将为国家电子垃圾拆解园区的建设和管理提供一定的技术支持，为正确评价电子垃圾拆解园区排放di-OPEs和tri-OPEs对环境以及人体健康的影响提供科学依据。

有机磷酸二酯(di-OPEs)和有机磷酸三酯（tri-OPEs）作为新兴有机污染物在各种环境介质中被广泛检测到，tri-OPEs的浓度甚至超过了传统的阻燃剂，已有研究表明di-OPEs和tri-OPEs均具有致突变、致癌和神经毒性作用，电子垃圾拆解已被证实是两类有机磷酸酯的重要来源。本研究以我国某典型电子垃圾拆解区域为研究对象，通过网格化布点设计，连续三年对电子垃圾拆解园区及其周围地区的大气污染特征进行研究，探讨了大气中di-OPEs和tri-OPEs的组成特征、气固分布及其时空变化规律和电子垃圾拆解对周围地区大气环境的影响。研究发现2017、2018和2019年电子垃圾拆解园区tri-OPEs和di-OPEs的浓度分别为1.30×10⁸和4.60×10⁶, 4.01×10⁷ pg/m³和1.14×10³, 1.10×10³和0.35×10³pg/m³, 明显高于拆解园区周边地区，这表明电子垃圾拆解是tri-OPEs和di-OPEs的重要来源；另外，我们的研究还发现磷酸三苯酯（TPhP）的浓度也是明显高于周围地区，源解析表明TPhP主要由电子垃圾拆解贡献，可以作为电子垃圾拆解过程的特征污染物；另外，从时空分布特征可以看出：电子垃圾拆解园周边大气中tri-OPEs和di-OPEs的污染是逐年减轻的。通过健康风险评估数据表明：虽然电子垃圾拆解园区大气中tri-OPEs和di-OPEs对人体的非致癌风险均高于周围地区，但是均不会对人体造成非致癌风险。我们这个研究成果对未来电子垃圾拆解园区有机污染物的管控具有非常重要的指导意义。

Graphic Abstract：

论文英文摘要：

Recycling e-waste has been recognized as an important emission source of organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) and organophosphate diesters (di-OPEs), but the presence of di-OPEs in atmosphere has not been studied. Herein, tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in atmosphere of an e-waste dismantling park and surrounding area in South China were monitored for three consecutive years. Thirteen tri-OPEs and seven di-OPEs were identified. In 2017, 2018, and 2019, tri-OPE concentrations in e-waste dismantling park were 1.30×10⁸, 4.60×10⁶, and 4.01×10⁷ pg/m³, while di-OPE concentrations were 1.14×10³, 1.10×10³, and 0.35×10³ pg/m³, respectively, which were much higher than the surrounding area. Tri-OPEs and di-OPEs generated during e-waste dismantling affected surrounding area through diffusion. Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPhP) were the predominant congeners of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs, respectively. Additionally, TPhP concentration was extremely higher than other tri-OPEs, so TPhP could be used as an indicator of e-waste dismantling. Spearman correlation analysis showed significant correlations between DPhP and TPhP (R² = 0.53, p < 0.01), bis-(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP) and tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) (R² = 0.49, p < 0.01), as well as dibutyl phosphate (DBP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) (R²= 0.53, p < 0.01), indicating that they had the same source. Further, non-carcinogenic risk of them to people via inhalation was acceptable and non-carcinogenic risk of tri-OPEs decreased year by year in surrounding area.

项目资助

该研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金（41731279、41991311和42177409）、化学与精细化工广东省实验室项目（1922009）、国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1804503）和广东省本土创新团队（2017BT01Z032）等项目支持。